Ridleys sea turtle essays

Ridleys sea turtle essays Each species of sea turtle is distinctive in appearance and behavior, all sea turtles have certain characteristics in common the shell consist of a carapace (upper part) and plastron (lower part), which are joined together by cartilage called a bridge. in most species with the exception of the leatherback scutes cover the carapace. Like all turtles sea turtles have no external ears, they hear best at low frequencies and their sense of smell is excellent. Though their vision underwater is good, on land they are nearsighted. Sea turtles spend most of their time underwater but must come up to breath. During routine activities sea turtles can dive for about three to five minutes. Sea turtles can sleep for several hours underwater, but their ability to hold their breath is shortened by high activity and stress. This is why sea turtles drown in shrimp nets and other gear in a short time. Adult sea turtles sleep near rocks or under ledges. Hatchlings and juveniles sleep on the surface with their front flippers pulled back over the carapace. Kemp's ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys kempi) Ridleys are the smallest of the sea turtles. The Kemp's ridley is slightly larger than the olive ridley, measuring 24 - 28 inches in carapace length and weighing 78 - 100 pounds when mature. An adult is olive green on top and yellowish in color on the bottom, with a large head and powerful jaws. The carapace is circular to heart shaped. Hatchlings are dark gray and about an inch and a half long. Kemp's ridleys were first discovered and described in 1880 by Samuel Garman. But until the 1940's was not recognized as a species and was often confused with the olive ridley and the loggerhead. Confusion continued through the 1950's with many biologist convinced that the ridleys sea turtle was a sterile hybrid of the green and the loggerhead turtles. No one could find nesting beaches or an egg-bearing female. ...

Shia-Sunni Paper Essays

Shia-Sunni Paper Essays Shia-Sunni Paper Essay Shia-Sunni Paper Essay Shi’a-Sunni relations during and after the reign of Saddam Hussein SOC 300-Sociology of Developing Countries April 24, 2011 Discuss the effects of Saddam Hussein’s government on Shi’a-Sunni relations in Iraq. The Sunni, Shi’a conflict in Iraq (and other parts of the Muslim world) started long before the reign of Saddam Hussein in Iraq, but when Saddam became Prime Minister of the country the conflict between the two religious sects was taken to a new level. As soon as Hussein gained full power, under his control, began years and years of persecution of the Shi’a Muslims in the country. With Saddams newly gained power, he had the full support of the Sunni’s, supporting his long standing hatred of the Shi’a. He then set out to show the nation who was ultimately in control and to rid the nation of any opposition. Shi’ites were persecuted under the Ba’ath party rule. Many Shi’a religious traditions were banned throughout the country, such as the Shi’a Ashoura religious festival, stating â€Å"the last thing he wanted was that many Shi’as together† (www. associatedcontent. com). It is said that every Shia clerical family of note in Iraq had tales of torture and murder to recount. (www. wikipedia. rg) from the years 1979- 1983. Under Saddam’s regime, 48 Shi’a clerics were executed, in Iraq. During his reign, Saddam mercilessly persecuted, tortured and executed several Shi’a leaders and followers alike (www. associatedcontent. com). After the United States beat Iraq in the Gulf War (1990-1991) th e persecution intensified (Handleman, 2011). Saddam believed that the United States under George W. Bush called the Iraqi people to overthrow Hussein and that the United States would support any uprising of the people to overthrow him. This primarily meant the Shi’a in the southern part of the country and the Kurds in the northern part. When U. S. assistance failed to materialize, Shi’a towns all throughout the south were leveled and thousands of Shi’a people massacred. What effect did Saddam’s fall from power have on relations between these two religious communities? After the relentless persecution and torture of the Shi’ites under Saddam’s rule, the Shi’a reveled in his fall from power in 2003. America took down Saddam’s ever ruling Ba’ath party and at the time had the support of the Shi’ites. They favored a peaceful negotiation with the occupying authorities, meanwhile anticipating the new country they would eventually rule. Within a year after Saddam’s fall from power, the Sunni’s were almost waging a full scale war against the Shi’ites. They were using primarily roadside bombs and suicide bombings, directed at major sites throughout crowded Shi’a neighborhoods. This was the start of the Sunni insurgency, 2003. As it stands, this is some of the worst Shi’a-Sunni strife that has ever occurred, since the U. S. invasion of Iraq, it has built up steadily since then and to present, this Sunni-Shi’a revenge cycle, where suicide bombings are often used by the Sunni, the Shi’a favors death squads. On the Shi’a side the militia dominated government death squads were reportedly torturing to death, or executing â€Å"hundreds of Sunni’s† every month in Baghdad alone (www. wikipedia. org). According the BBC, from 2005 to present, the commandos of the Ministry of Interior are controlled by the Badr Organization, the military wing of The Supreme Islamic Iraqi Council (SIIC) and are almost exclusively Shi’a Muslims and have been implicated in killing thousands of Sunni citizens (www. wikipedia. org). What do you feel is likely to happen to Shi’a-Sunni relations after the U. S. and allied troops withdrew from Iraq? When the U. S. completely withdraws from Iraq the Shi’a-Sunni relations, as they stand currently, will continue to deteriorate. The U. S. supported Shi’ites are in place, politically now, but once the U. S. withdraws more civil unrest will rage between the two sects and although the Shi’ite Muslims (around 65% of the population) outnumber the Sunni Muslims (around 32% of the population), I believe it will be a war of who has the strongest backers (for arms, supplies,etc), being other Muslim nations, Al Qaeda, etc. The country will continue to grow more and more unstable and the unrest will continue to escalate. Ultimately who ends up in control, is anyone’s guess. The nation of Iraq could ultimately end up with another leader like Saddam Hussein, or worse. The current Prime Minister al-Maliki is trying to create a stable government based on sectarian aspirations but his level of success as a ruler will ultimately determine whether Iraq is even capable of having a peaceful future (Handleman 2011). References Handleman, Howard (2011). The Challenge of Third World Development (pp. 109-113). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Saddam_hussein http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Shi%27a%E2%80%93Sunni_relations reference. com/browse/sunni newstatesman. com/world-affairs/2007/02/sunni-shia-iraq-iran-arab associatedcontent. com/article/2543561/the_shiasunni_conflict_in_iraq_pg1html? cat=37

Introduction to early childhood Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Introduction to early childhood - Assignment Example Economic and political system of the country currently influences early child education (Li & Chen 1). The government encourages parents to enroll their children to early childhood education because it strengthens their educational foundation. Studies confirm that this education increases the readiness of children to learn in higher education levels. Children with early childhood education backgrounds usually perform well in primary school. ECE not only improves students’ performance in schools, but is also influences their social and economic status in adulthood. In an effective early childhood education systems, teachers and parents have to ensure that they create a good relationship with children. Parents are also encouraged to cooperate with teachers in supporting their children’s early education. They should create a good relationship with children in order to enhance their intelligence and social competence. They should also ensure that their children attend preschool at the right age. The country’s Ministry of Education recommended that children should att end preschool at the age of 3 to 6 years. In China early childhood education, children are usually divided according to their ages. The government recommends three groups that include junior that consists of children of age 3, middle that has 4-year-old children and seniors who are 5 years old. Effective early childhood programs should consist of appropriate learning environments and effective curriculum. It should also have well trained caregivers who can effectively meet the needs of each child (Vaughan 1). In the past early childhood education in china was poor because parents paid little attention to it. This is because most of them were not aware of the importance of ECE. In addition, most of them were homemakers. As such, they did not see the need to take their young children to school since early childhood schools were viewed at care centers. However, currently with increased

Labor Force from the Household Survey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Labor Force from the Household Survey - Essay Example U6 reflects the rate that includes persons marginally attached to the labor force and those who are employed part-time for economic reasons in generating the unemployment rate. Discouraged workers form part of the marginally attached workers. ïÆ'   According to the authors, the main reason for the continuing stagnant growth of the U.S. economy lies in the â€Å"ongoing and scarcely improving shortfall in aggregate demand relative to the supply of productive resources†. (Bivens, Fieldhouse & Shierholz 2013) Consumption of produced goods and services have decreased since the onset of the ‘Great Recession’ in 2008. 2. The authors discuss the issue of the relationship between strong GDP growth and a strong recovery. What does their argument suggest about the relationship between strong GDP growth, the deficit and reducing unemployment? ïÆ'   The authors’ argument suggests that budget deficit reduction results to decelerated GDP, which, in turn, translates to higher unemployment and underemployment rates. The austerity measures implemented to reduce budget deficits lead to less economic activities, fewer jobs, less production of goods and services, less demand from the consumers, and, ultimately to a lower GDP. Lower GDP requires less labor. More and more plants and factories will operate below their full capacity and will lay off more workers to cut costs and survive the economically difficult times. ïÆ'   According to the authors, achieving full employment will bring in economic recovery. Full employment can be attained by boosting the consumers’ demand for goods and services produced by the country as the initial step toward narrowing the output gap – the difference between what the economy can produce and its actual output.  

Plato’s argument Essay Example for Free

Plato’s argument Essay I think Plato’s argument that what is holy and what is approved of by the gods are not the same thing is convincing. If we’ll take a deeper look, being holy and being approved of have a big difference in terms of standards and construction. First, what is holy means something that is sacred or sanctified. In terms of standards, the things that are considered holy are natural. Meaning, these are the things that have been blessed and considered holy because of divine interventions. In terms of construction, these are the things that are concrete. Meaning, these cannot be bend or changed in any situation that may occur. On the other hand, what are approved of by the gods are things that are created on a case to case basis depending on different factors like the notion of justice. Compared to those that are holy, those that are approved by the gods may be changed or modified. What is holy may or may not be approved by the gods, while what is approved of by the gods may or may not be considered holy. Discussion 4: Though there are the co-called â€Å"white lies† that are used so that people won’t be able to hurt other people from the truth and protect their personal interests, still a lie is a lie. For me, there are no particular incidents by which we can say that it is right to lie. As I’ve heard before, â€Å"A lie only produces a thousand more lies. † Truth hurts but lies are worst. Also, it has been stated that telling a lie is a sin. May it be minimal, still, it is lying. Kant said that moral good must be based on reason. If a person would tell a lie for the reason of protecting his/her personal interest, is the lie considered moral? Of course not. Because it was also stated that â€Å"Kant wants to use moral principles as a protection against people that would want to behave only in their own best interests, for personal gain, or based only on feelings. † I think, the scope of morality is way too big because morality may also depend on each culture and belief that people possess. Discussion 5: Most situations that we see on TV and even in real life are scenarios of big kids bullying the smaller ones in school. The big kids would harass the smaller ones to make them do their assignments, exams and even take money or snacks from them. This can be a simple example of using other person merely as means. On the other hand, there are also those who are kind who protect the smaller kids and help them to keep away from the bullies. This is a case in which a person is respecting another person as an end-in-him/herself. Referring to Kant’s text, â€Å"The moral system of Kant depends too on the idea of our freedom. Kant describes being free as following our own rational principles, instead of just our desires , I think it is impossible to live a life in which we do not use other people merely as means. This is because, there are no perfect persons in the world and when we sometimes use our freedom, we tend to choose to do the things that would benefit us rather than opt those that are entirely moral and rational. Not using a person in this world is much too ideal. Discussion 6: I believe that people should do what is in their own self interest as long as is morally right and does not oppose any rules or law governing him/her. I don’t agree with Ethical Egoism. Indeed, there are things which we desire or want for ourselves. But, the first question we should ask is â€Å"Do we really need what we want? † because in the first place, not everything we want is really essential to us. A â€Å"want† is different from a â€Å"need†. Also, what we ought to do is analyze the things we want. If we think these â€Å"wants† are justifiable and attainable but in a righteous way, then maybe we can pursue these. If I have the ring, I’ll think very carefully of what to do with it. Ideally, I would do what is rightful and fair. Discussion 7: I don’t agree with Mill that the proper standard of making the world a better place is through happiness. Mill stated that â€Å"actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness; wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness†¦ the happiness of a group of individuals taken as a whole is desirable for the group as a whole†. Let’s say for example, we have a group of corrupt politicians. Their action to produce happiness is through corruption and what is desirable for their group is stealing millions of money from the people for their personal benefit. It supports the idea of Mill yet did they make the world a better place? No. therefore, happiness is not the proper standard of making the world a better place.

Civil Disobedience and Its Relation to the Democratic Process Essay

Everything in the universe is a system that must progress, and in order to progress, it must consume and test the realities around it. Throughout the history of humanity, individuals and groups have always defied laws that they believe are unjust and have always moved to progress society based on either their own motives. The idea of Democracy is revolutionary; it is a microcosm of the collective reality because different entities always come together in a feedback loop in order for their motives to coalesce and balance each other out. This is the case from large galactic masses to individuals engaging in civil disobedience in order to further a cause. Despite concerns that it eliminates order and allows individuals to disregard laws that they disagree with, civil disobedience is quintessential to the democratic process, because it allows those who engage in it to accept the legal consequences of their actions and spark debate over whether heinous legalities should be repealed. Any symbiosis of individuals and government, must be egalitarian. The Founding Fathers of this nation believed that all men are created equal and should be ensured the right to life liberty and the pursuit of happiness. The United States Constitution was created in order for the institution of government to be able to deed the greatest amount of liberty and prosperity to all individuals, through a representative democracy. Here, whenever there are disagreements between individuals and government officials in regards to how a community is running, citizens are given greater leeway to manage their issues locally and gradually see results carried out to the national level, based on the momentum and support the respective initiatives have in the public domain.... ...the use of this tool, then we will have unlocked the gateway to prosperity in this country. Works Cited "Bill of Rights Transcript Text." National Archives and Records Administration. Web. 25 Mar. 2012. Casola, Luca. Black Markets: Empirical Studies into the Economic Behaviour of the Black Market Consumer. Diss. University of Canterbury, 2007. Canterbury, Australia: University of Canterbury, 2007. Print. Celente, Gerald. "Protest Trends for the New Millenium." Trends Journal (2009). Print. Harvey Wheeler, "Preface," Daniel Sisson, The American Revolution of 1800, Alfred A. Knopf, N.Y. 1974. Limieux, Pierre. "Civil and Uncivil Disobedience Would Henry David Thoreau Have Obeyed Stop Signs in Outremont, Quà ©bec?" Liberty (1995). Web. 12 Mar. 2012. "Schaffer Library of Drug Policy." DRCNet Online Library of Drug Policy. Web. 18 Mar. 2012.

Climate Changes Effect On Australian Locust Populations Environmental Sciences Essay

analyze the effects and impacts of clime alteration on locust populations and our version responses ( assessment of clime alteration impacts and possible version responses ) . Locusts are a type of insect that can be lay waste toing plagues of agribusiness due to their ability to develop really big populations and to organize dense and extremely nomadic droves. The possible home grounds of the Australian pestilence locust screen half of inland eastern Australia, an country of about two million square kilometers. They are chiefly unfastened tuft grasslands on clay, loam or stone-mantled desert loam dirts. Habitats become suited for locust genteelness after rainfall, when dirt wet allows egg development and flora response provides nutrient for subsequent endurance of nymphs. Landscapes which are by and large unfavorable for locust genteelness include forest, forest, bouldery hills, desert sandplain and dunefields. The glade of wood and forest flora on clay and loam dirts has expanded the country of possible home ground in the agricultural parts of southern and eastern Australia. Within the parts of possible home ground there are some countries which are capable to more frequent infestation. Female Australian pestilence locusts typically lay their eggs in hard- jammed dirt along roads and paths, in clay pans or in rocky countries. Has recent clime alteration influenced the frequence or strength of utmost events? Give illustrations if possible. The IPCC ‘s Fourth Assessment Report states that more powerful storms and hotter, longer dry periods have been observed and this tendency is predicted to go on. Climate alteration may do an addition in conditions extremes through alterations to the distribution of heat and the flow of energy through the clime system. Current information suggests that clime alteration has already influenced the frequence of utmost events such as heat moving ridges, inundations, storms, fires and drouths. Australia is a of course dry continent, which has been capable to periodic drouths. CSIRO patterning suggests that the frequence of drouth in some countries could treble by 2070, based on scenarios utilizing different degrees of C dioxide emanations. This could do an addition in the badness, continuance, frequence or distribution of drouths. Tropical storms and hurricanes are potentially sensitive to planetary heating because their development is restricted to ocean countries where the sea surface temperature is greater than 27 & A ; deg ; C. Given the fact that planetary heating may do a greater country of ocean to make this temperature more frequently, the zone of hurricane activity could spread out. An addition in the frequence of inundations has been observed between 1865-1999. Hot yearss, hot darks and heat moving ridges have besides become more frequent ( Confalonieri et al. , 2007 ) . Besides in some parts, alterations in temperature and precipitation are projected to increase the frequence and badness of fire events ( Confalonieri et al. , 2007 ) . It must be noted nevertheless that natural phenomena might besides be able to explicate a possible addition in utmost conditions events such as El Ni & A ; ntilde ; Os and La Ni & A ; ntilde ; a, which are known to make utmost conditions events. Natural systems in all continents and most oceans are being affected by regional clime alterations, chiefly temperature additions. The chief natural systems of Earth include biological systems, ecosystems, planetary energy budget, H2O rhythm, biochemical rhythms and planetary clime systems. Observed alterations to natural systems: Plant and animate being scopes have shifted pole ward and higher in lift – alterations in flora due to altering climatic conditions and enlargement of north-polar bush lands into antecedently shrub-free countries. †¢ In some countries populations sizes of workss and animate beings have changed dramatically by increasing in some countries and worsening in others – altering climatic conditions can diminish the survival rate of native species and increase endurance of alien species. †¢ Phenology: timing of many life-cycle events, such as blooming, migration and insect outgrowth, had shifted earlier in the spring and frequently later in the fall. alteration in overall distribution and strength of normal conditions events and increased frequence and strength of utmost conditions events, ADAPTION RESPONSES If climate variableness is an indirect cause of the pest eruption, it is of import to carefully measure the benefits and disadvantages, both environmentally and economically, of any control steps, particularly when biological control agents are concerned, the effects of which are irreversible. find the point of struggle in the argument in your topic country ; Although a contributing cause for the population detonation is likely to be climate variableness, the mechanism through which clime could be runing to do the widespread pest eruptions is non instantly obvious. Climate theoretical accounts are undependable These pestilences have been go oning for many old ages. adjudicate between conflicting grounds and theories on anthropogenetic planetary heating While many of these natural drivers and influences on clime will ever happen, and are out of human control, the combination of these and human activities are progressively changing the Earth ‘s clime. Scientific grounds strongly indicates that natural influences can non explicate the rapid addition in planetary near-surface temperatures observed during the 2nd half of the twentieth century. Human impacts on the clime system include increasing concentrations of atmospheric nursery gases such as C dioxide, CFCs and their alternates, methane, azotic oxide, and air pollution and land alteration. While scientists ‘ apprehension of the primary procedures responsible for planetary clime alteration has greatly improved during the last decennary, through advanced representation of C, H2O, and other biogeochemical rhythms in clime theoretical accounts, projections of future planetary heating are still hard to foretell due to uncertainnesss and differing anticipations. A February 2007 study by the IPCC, based on the work of some 2,500 scientists in more than 130 states, concluded that worlds have caused all or most of the current planetal heating through industrialisation, deforestation, and pollution have greatly increased atmospheric concentrations of H2O vapor, C dioxide, methane, and azotic oxide, which are all nursery gases that aid pin down heat near Earth ‘s surface. While the IPCC accept that natural rhythms play a function in clime alteration they point make apparent that such alterations have occurred over the span of several centuries, while today ‘s alterations have taken topographic point over the past hundred old ages or less. There are besides many plausible sceptics who challenge the current findings on clime alteration and its effects: – Many believe that the recognized planetary mean temperature statistics used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change show that no ground-based heating has occurred since 1998 and as consequence they strongly doubt whether any planetary heating at all is happening at the minute – Some scientists province that the rhythm of glacial and interglacial periods shows that the Earth ‘s temperature is really chilling down. – Many scientists are oppugning the current theoretical accounts and methods used to foretell clime alteration and are disbelieving of the truth of current IPCC clime anticipations. Many believe that it is non possible to project planetary clime accurately plenty to warrant the scopes projected for temperature and sea degree rise over the following century. – Some scientists province that planetary heating is chiefly caused by natural procedures and conclude that the ascertained heating is more likely attributable to natural causes than to human activities – Some scientists conclude that the cause of planetary heating is unknown and that no principal cause can be attributed to the ascertained rise temperatures, whether anthropological or natural. – Some scientists do non deny or corroborate that planetary heating is happening, nevertheless many believe that the associated effects of planetary heating will be of small impact to human society or the Earth ‘s environment develop and warrant your ain stance in relation to the argument ; show the taking issues for clime alteration impacts in your chosen subject country ; present key version demands for your chosen subject country. Emerging nymphs and teeming locusts have the ability to do terrible harm to harvests and grazing lands in the wheatbelt, every bit good as harm to intensive horticultural endeavors, featuring evidences, groves, vineries, gardens and other public and private installations from winging droves Weather is created out of altering heat and cold of the land mass and the oceans during each twenty-four hours and with the seasons. We are now doing profound alterations to these ancient systems through general heating and the instability between equatorial temperature rise and polar – some 3 & A ; deg ; C. 2005 was the 2nd warmest twelvemonth on record increased by accelerated thaw of Arctic sea ice and Siberian permafrost. In the oceans this has been exacerbated by the break of the planetary ocean current that warms Europe and the turning permanency of the El Nino in the Pacific. Climate theoretical accounts have been proposing for old ages that the equatorial and southern parts will go drier, with many countries traveling into lasting drouth. This includes some of the poorest lands in the universe where people are least able to accommodate, and some of the most thickly settled. This is climate alteration in a large manner! Earlier clime theoretical accounts have been excessively simplistic for the elaboratenesss of nature. There has been out of the blue rapid warming in the semitropicss ( at 30 grades north and south ) whereas the theoretical accounts predicted a more unvarying heating. These parts, which already have warm climes, include north Africa and the southern parts of China, Australia and South America. This will convey widespread drouth to these countries. The effects of conditions uncertainness are difficult to quantify, though here is an declarative list. See how each of these results would impact on you personally: Deluging from storms and exceeding rainfall impacts most to a great extent on the more fertile parts created from flood plains. City nutrient supplies are restricted or become really expensive, as happened late with Australian rock fruits and bananas. Sea rushs will massively impact low-lying parts where there are heavy populations, from the China seashore to Florida. Many of these are retirement oasiss. Mud slides where there has been heavy deforestation, most frequently near shanty towns where there has been minimum respect for possible prostration. More involved as most of the population addition is migrating to new suburban conurbation. Dry equatorial conditions ignites progressively immense wood fires that destroy a batch of the lumber used in building, every bit good as making fume haze and impacting wellness. More extended drouth that will go lasting in some countries, and will consequence the major grain-growing countries of Argentine and Australia. Dry conditions encourage droves of plagues, such as locusts, and wood-eating beetles to travel into fertile countries. Heat and fire thaws more permafrost, and this destabilises roads and edifices, taking to out-migration. Extensive loss of stock and harvest from all the above with immense effects for those in fringy nutrient countries. Some civilizations, such as those in cardinal Asia and east Africa that count their animate beings as wealth, will disintegrate. 9. Has planetary heating increased the frequence of locust pestilences around the universe? There is no strong grounds for this. Recent eruptions of locusts in many parts of the universe are more likely to be linked to above norm rainfall associated with normal, but mostly unpredictable climatic rhythms. 10. Are fluctuations in locust Numberss in Australia associated with El Ni? O or La Ni? a events? In Australia, strong El Ni? o* and La Ni? a* events have some influence on locust Numberss but can non wholly explicate the incidence of pestilences. Locust pestilences sometimes do, but non ever, occur when there is a strong La Ni? a event as this is associated with above norm rainfall. However, above mean rainfall may non needfully take to a locust eruption, as the critical factor in the development of a pestilence is the timing of rainfall events in relation to genteelness ( see FAQ 4 ) . [ *for a definition of El Ni? O and La Ni? a events see the Australian Bureau of Meteorology Climate Glossary ]There are concerns being expressed over the impact on farm animal, human wellness, the H2O supply, and the eco-system and what after effects will stay from the usage of these pesticides.He said the staggered hatchings, which arose because of recent fluctuations in temperature, would do things more hard as the population would be in different phases of development. †The 100s of 1000000s of locusts expected make this the biggest pestilence since 1973/74 and are a consequence of increased rainfall in Western Queensland. †

Statement of Cash Flows

Statement of Cash Flows Larry D. Abernathy ACC 421/Intermediate Financial Accounting I Richard Burden Statement of Cash Flows The facts contained in the balance sheet and the profit and loss statement is connected by the bridge that is the statement of cash flows. By recording the flow of cash and cash equivalents into and out of the company the statement of cash flow is a good indicator of a company’s health. Thus, the purpose of the statement of cash flow is to reflect in record form the cash balances reflected in the balance sheet.The statement of cash flow has three main sections and each section tells us a unique thing about the company. The operating section tells us how the company is generating and using cash to support its day to day activities. Specifically, it gives information about the payments for the sales of loans, debt or equity instruments in a trading portfolio, the interest payment, tax payment, payments to suppliers for goods and services, dividends on equ ity securities, interest received on loans, receipts received on loans and receipts from sale of goods and services.Also the cash flow statement helps assess the ability of the entity to pay its bills and meet its obligations. The investing section tells us how a company is using its cash to grow long-term. If you see a lot of investments outflow, that means that the company is investing in capital projects that will sustain its earnings in the long-term. It gives information about the investing activities that are used with operating activities. The cash that goes into the investing activity of the firm is disclose by the cash flow statement.This includes loans made to suppliers, assets like and, purchase. Financing sections tells us the equity and debt situation of the company or how a firm is raising money to support its short-term and long-term goals. In detail the cash in financing activities provides information about the proceeds from issuing shares, from issuing short term o r long term debt, from capital leases, repayment of debt principal, payments made for repurchase of shares and payments of dividends. Fundamentally, the purpose of the cash flow statement is to inform about the past sources of cash to forecast the bility of the entity's ability to generate a positive cash flow in the future. The cash flow statement provides information from where the entity's cash is coming from. Is it coming from operations mainly or it is coming from other sources. The cash flow statement also provides information about the effect of investment and financing on the operations of the business. There are three parts of the cash statement namely cash from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities.The cash flow statement gives us the opening balance of cash, the amount of cash received during the operating period, the amounts paid during the period, the net increase or decrease in cash for the period and the final cash flow balance. When asse ssing the financial strength of a business it is important to know the cash flow statement because it gives an idea if the firm will be able to pay salaries and other immediate expenses. The cash flow statement also gives information if the firm will be able to repay its creditor. The cash flow statement also informs the lender or potential lenders if the company is financially sound.The contractors and future employees can assess if the cash flows of the company will be able to pay them salaries. While assessing the financial strength of a business it is necessary to know the time, amount and chances of future cash flows, the cash flow statement provides this information. For assessing the financial strength of a firm it is important to compare the operating performance of different companies, the cash flow statement allows this comparison. Further, it is important to ass the changes in assets, liabilities and equity. The cash flow statement provides such an opportunity.Most import antly, it is necessary to know the liquidity and cash in hand of a firm. Essentially the cash flow statement helps assess the financial position of the company by indicating to an investor how much cash flowed into and out of the company over a period of time and in addition it helps reconcile the income statement with the balance sheet. The accounting assumptions that are used for preparing the income statement and the balance sheet are compared with the hard cash earned. No assumptions are made in the preparation of the cash flow statement, and there are not estimations in the cash flow statement.Finally, by closing observing the statement of cash flow, one can determine the solvency of a company and how liquid it is. Having excess cash is an indicator that a company is very liquid and will likely return money to the stakeholders and is likely to be in sound financial condition. If a company is struggling then it will have very little cash. It will struggle to meet its debt obliga tions and may go into bankruptcy as well. References The accounting process. (2010). Retrieved on December 12, 2012 from http://www. netmba. com/accounting/fin/process

Identify an Unknown - Experiment With Chemical Reactions

Identify an Unknown - Experiment With Chemical Reactions One exciting aspect of chemistry is that it explores how substances combine to form new ones. While a chemical reaction involves change, the atoms that are the basic building blocks of matter arent changed. They simply recombine in new ways. Students can explore how chemical reactions can be used to help identify the products of chemical reactions. Rather than randomly mix chemicals together, using the scientific method can help better understand what is occurring. Overview Students will learn about the scientific method and will explore chemical reactions. Initially, this activity allows students to use the scientific method to examine and identify a set of (nontoxic) unknown substances. Once the characteristics of these substances are known, the students can use the information to drawinference to identify unknown mixtures of these materials. Time Required: 3 hours or three one-hour sessions Grade Level: 5-7 Objectives To practice using the scientific method. To learn how to record observations and apply the information to perform more complex tasks. Materials Each group will need: plastic cupsmagnifying glass4 unknown powders in 4 plastic baggies:sugarsaltbaking sodacorn starch For the entire class: watervinegarheat sourceiodine solution Activities Remind students that they should never taste an unknown substance. Review the steps of the scientific method. Although the unknown powders are similar in appearance, each substance has characteristic properties that make it distinguishable from the other powders. Explain how the students can use their senses to examine the powders and record properties. Have them use sight (magnifying glass), touch, and smell to examine each powder. Observations should be written down. Students may be asked to predict the identity of the powders. Introduce heat, water, vinegar, and iodine. Explain the concepts chemical reactions and chemical change. A chemical reaction takes place when new products are made from the reactants. Signs of a reaction could include bubbling, temperature change, color change, smoke, or change in odor. You may wish to demonstrate how to mix chemicals, apply heat, or add indicator. If desired, use containers with labeled volume measurements to introduce students to the importance of recording quantities used in a scientific investigation. Students can put a specified amount of powder from the baggie into a cup (e.g., 2 scoops), then add vinegar or water or indicator. Cups and hands are to be washed between experiments. Make a chart with the following: What was the appearance of each powder?What happened when water was added to each powder?What happened when vinegar was added to each powder?Did all powders produce the same response?What happened when iodine solution was added to each powder?Why do you think this happened?If you predicted the identity of the powders, were your predictions correct? If not, how were they different?What are true identities of the mystery powders A-D?How did you determine the correct answer?Now, give the students a mystery powder made up using at least two of the four pure subtances. They are to test this mixture using the procedures they used on the pure substances. In addition, they may wish to design new experiments.AssessmentStudents may be evaluated on their ability to correctly identify the final unknown mixture. Points may be awarded for teamwork, staying on task, submission of data or a lab report, and ability to follow directions and follow safety rules.

The balance between different social classes in Qin

The balance between different social classes in Qin Great leadership depends on a leader’s ability to be fair even when faced with challenges. In this case, the law dictates that the needs of the meritorious people should be addressed before those of the less fortunate.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The balance between different social classes in Qin specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The king is willing to throw away the available food rather than distribute it evenly among the people. He fears that such a fair act may bring disorderliness and upset the balance that exists between different social classes in Qin. To some extent, the king is right. This is because enactment of laws facilitates the presence and continuance of orderliness. As such, going against the law is not only risky but also wrong. In addition, the meritorious people have levels of influence and resources that might be used to discredit the king if he does not uphold his duties. This would e xplain why stratification of the people on social and economical grounds is more important than saving lives. The king believes that poor people would rather die than receive the level of treatment given to the rich. However, the food is collected from various regions (Five Parks) and is produced by both the rich and the poor from these regions. As such, it is only fair that the food be distributed evenly among them. With these undertones, it is clear that discrimination is rampant in Qin. Basing such a consequential decision (feeding the citizens) on discriminatory grounds is not right. Every human being has a fundamental right to live.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Despite what the law says, no one deserves to die simply because he/she does not belong to the elite members of a given society. There are alternatives that can be used to resolve this issue without l eading to the disorderliness mentioned by the king. A quota system can be implemented put in place to ensure that each member of the society gets a share of the available food. The meritorious people can have bigger shares of the food than the poor in a bid to uphold the law. It still would be unfair, but everyone would have food on the table as they wait for the famine to end. This would make the king look considerate in the eyes of the less fortunate, and reasonable among the meritorious people. Similarly, the king has the power to suspend this law if circumstances call for such an action. In this case, suspension of this law would save lives, thereby making it a logical decision. Failure to feed the people may lead to an uprising. Despite the laws in place, people cannot die knowing that there is a solution to their problem. They will be forced to fight back leading to chaos and disorderliness. Suspending this law would ensure that such results are averted. The last viable altern ative would be to come up with a tribunal, which would be set to address the needs of the poor people. Communication is extremely important in any society. This tribunal would act as a bridge between the rich and the poor. Members of the tribunal would collect the views of the poor and relay them to the king.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The balance between different social classes in Qin specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This would provide an excellent platform for negotiations on various issues that affect the people. In this case, the tribunal would negotiate a deal that is mutually beneficial to both parties, thereby minimizing the risk of disorderliness.

Ethical issues with the artificial intelligence of computers Research Paper

Ethical issues with the artificial intelligence of computers - Research Paper Example Additionally, to the level that ethics is a rational recreation, the artificial intelligence could easily outstrip human beings in the value of its ethical thinking. Therefore, it is the role of the AI designer to cite its initial motivation. Since the artificial intelligence may turn out to be inevitably influential due to its intellectual power and the technologies it could invent, it is should be provided with people friendly motivations. Discussion Artificial intelligence of the computer is a computer science field responsible for inventing machines that can participate in intelligent attributes. The capacity to invent intelligent devices has intrigued people since the traditional times, and currently with the creation of the computer, and several decades of study in the artificial intelligence programming techniques, the vision of intelligent devices are becoming a reality, (Poole & Mackworth, 2010). Additionally, researchers are inventing intelligent systems that can impersonat e human thought, comprehend speech, outstrip the most intelligent human chess player and various other innovations never before possible. With these significant creations of artificial intelligence computers or machines, fascinating concerns have emerged. For instance, computer scientists, sociologists, psychologists and anthropologists are concerned about the future and ethical implications of these advanced creations. Emerging concerns includes, first, will the value of human life advance with development of artificial intelligence or not? What are possible ethical implications of artificial intelligence of computers? Finally, what beneficial types of artificial intelligence should be invented and how they are applied? This paper seeks to investigate and provide solutions to these concerns. Artificial intelligence of computers seeks to enhance and promote the value of human life. Various positive results in the modern society can emanate with the utilization of artificial intellig ence. For instance, intensive production and indirect reduced costs of production are evident in factories, industries and production lines. Operations better suited for machines have reduced errors and enhanced efficiency, for instance, the capacity to detect fraud and credit, (Berlatsky, 2011). Additionally, American Express and other institutions have invented an authoritarian assistant, which utilizes artificial intelligence to assess whether; a transaction is short of character for a card code. The authority assistant system is highly accurate compared to manual system, and it saves more time. Also, this and various, infinite other opportunities exist for employing artificial intelligence of devices to enhance efficiency. Artificial intelligence systems are being utilized to substitute human efforts in dangerous conditions. Artificial intelligence can withstand radioactive aspects and operate efficiently in conditions where there is restricted space and inadequate oxygen to inh ale. This alternative will alleviate unwarranted life losses because of possible accidents and unsecure conditions. In addition, artificial intelligence seeks to enhance the lives of old people. Experts agree that due to human demand to participate in their work, the attention and care for old people at home has declined, and the percentage requiring nursing attention has

The creation of professional police was for the benefit of the middle Essay

The creation of professional police was for the benefit of the middle classes, not society as a whole. Discuss - Essay Example (Dunham & Alpert, 1998; Sampson & Jeglum-Bartush, 1998; Kusow et al., 1997; Cao et al., 1996) It has always been a challenge on the part of UK policing to promote a safe environment for each of the local citizens who are residing in the country. (Newburn, 2003: p. 3) For this study, the history behind UK’s professional police will be discussed to give the readers a better idea with regards to the subject matter. Since determining the public’s satisfaction with regards to the ability of the police to minimize crime rates within the society is considered a crucial component of evaluating the overall performance of the police (Brown & Benedict, 2002), the student will undergo a research study to unveil the truth behind any forms of unequal services given by the professional police towards the society. In the process of searching for the truth, several evidences and reports will be thoroughly discussed as to whether or not professional police was created merely for the benefit of the middle class individuals. Since 1950s, UK’s government and public support in the promotion and strengthening of the professional police has been enormous. (Reiner, 1994) Between 1950s to the last quarter of 1960s, intensive support coming from the UK government and the general public were extended to professional police. For this reason, professional police throughout the United Kingdom has been considered as a ‘role model of successful policing’. (Reiner, 1992: p. 435) During the period of UK’s successful policing, the Scotland Yard detective together with the British bobby played a crucial role in conducting crime investigation aside from maintaining the peace and order within the society.† (Reiner, 1992: p. 435) It was only during the last quarter of 1970s onwards that the general public decided to withdrew their support with the