Integrated Life Science Study Guide

co-ordinated Life Science Study Guide Test 1/Chapters 1,3,4,19 1. The scientific method- A continuous mathematical process use to collect observationsk form amd test hypotheses, make predictions, and identify patterns in the physical world. pg 4 2. Biodiversity- the second of different species that coexist at a given place pg. 8 3. Dimitri Mendelev- Russian Chemist created the flow Table of the Elements 1st 1800s to arrange elements in such a way that the showed something about it properties. Elements made of atoms-Iron, Helium, henry pg. 10 4.Creationism or creation recognition is the view of the Judeo-Christians (Bible) Genesis 2000+ yrs. The Earth is between 5-7000 yrs old. Its the belief that it was created in 7 days. Science of Creation (most scientists believe) believes the universe is approx. 15 Billion yrs old. Earth-is about 4. 5 billio9n yrs old. No beginning and no end to this universe. 5. Stem cells- embryonic cells that can become any cell in a living organism. So urce ambilical cord Adult stem cell-restricting-almost useless to work with medical science impeded by someones belief system 6. Work- force exerted over a distancePower- work divided by time how fast you do work.. Power =work/time Energy= the ability to do work we get dexterity from food converts to calorie- glucose cell-work plants also use glucose to live 2 types of energy- Kinetic-energy of motion Potential- stored ( exposit) Force-a fight or pull from kinectic energy gravity energy- glucose 7. Trophic levels a. Omnivores-eat both plants and animals b. Carnivores-eat meat.. ex. Lions, tigers, c. Herbivores-eat plants, ex. Cows, horses d. Plants- glucose e. Decomposers-bacteria worms, fungi, provide food to make territory rich 8.First Law of Thermodynamics- 1st natural law about energy f. All energy in the universe stays the same it only changes form i. Glucose sugar- energy cells- carbon dioxide ammonia 9. Calories-unit of energy stripement in food 1C=1000c Calorie-heat our body produces energy inside the cell Calorimeter-measures calories in food 10. second Law of Thermodynamics- g. Heat always flows cold ii. No such thing as cold- cold is the absence seizure of heat h. No such thing as Heat Engine i. Overtime entropy increases iii. Entropy-a measure of perturbation a way we can measure how miixed up something is. 1. Types of animal insulation- fur, feathers, fat, blubber, skin, shells, scales, and blood 12. Entropy-a measure of disorder a way we can measure how miixed up something is. 13. The science of Aging and DNA j. Lifestyle k. deoxyribonucleic acid l. Genetics m. Biological clock is about 110 yrs old Chemicals that age you be alcohol, tobacco, recreational drugs 14. Ecosystem- a system that includes both living and non-living things in a particular area (people) n. Non-living- chemicals food o. Living-cells 15. Homeostasis- health, dna, good health, poise 16.Acid rain- nitrogen, sulfur, ad carbon coal + oil fired electricity generating pla nts polluntants mix with rain forms sulfuric acid nitric acid and carbonic acid- kills plants & trees destroys auto paint, etc. 17. Photovoltaic cells- a device that converts cheerfulness (photons) into direct electric current Short Answer 1. Global Warming a. CONS-temperature increasing flooding ocean level rising quit burning fossil fuels b. PROS- 2. temp increasing during growing season which is whats necessary 3. Ozone layer is 20 miles or more up. It protects us from UVA and UVB rays.Its getting thinner because of pollutants smogginess is a layer created from automobiles and factories- near the earth-harmful 4. Landfills are considered biological recyclers because 5. The 6 characteristics shared by all ecosystems are pg. 391 c. all(prenominal) ecosystem consists of both living and nonliving parts d. Energy flows through ecosystems e. Matter is recycled by Ecosystems f. Every organism occupies an Ecological Niche g. Stable Ecosystems achieve a balance among their populations h. Ecosystems are not permanent, further change over time 6.Four dimensions as described in the Second Law of Themodynamics pg. 88 i. East or west j. North or south k. Up or down l. epoch 7. Creationists believe that evolution does violate this law because life is highly ordered, it could not have arisen spontaneously without violating the second law. Scientists disagree and believe that all you need to make the evolution of life consistent with the 2nd law is that the order observed in living things must be offset by a great amount of disorder in the sun. pg. 88 8. 3 ways that heat is transferred is through conduction, convection, and radiation. Example of pg. 6 Conduction- Convection-air rising above a radiator or toaster motion of the Earths Radiation-a fire or electric heater 9. Celery makes you lose more calories than you gain because it goes back to the principal that if we take in less energy than we expend, energy must be removed from storage to meet the defecit and the a mt of body fat decreases. 10. Our food in the USA is cheaper and much richer than most new(prenominal) countries. We tend to eat in big portions than we should. Biologically, we clone our foods and inject them with hormones and chemicals to keep the supply steady and to keep costs low. 1. 5 Questions to ask when confronted with other kinds of psuedosciences are pg. 12 m. Are the facts true as stated? n. Is there an alternative explanation? o. Is the telephone call falsifiable? p. Have the claims been rigorously tested? q. Do the claims require unreasonable changes in accepted ideas? 12. catch review is a system by which the editor of a scientific journal submits manuscripts considered for publication to a panel of knowledgeable scientis wh, in conidence, evaluate the manuscript for mistakes, misstatements, or shoddy procedures.Following the review, if the manuscript is to be published, it is returned to the author with a list of modiciations and corrections to be completed. pg. a 34 13. Arrow of Time is The uniform and unique bearing associated with the apparent inevitable flow of time into the future. Pg 88 14. The 3 major polluntants that make up urban pollution are nitrogen oxides, sulfur compounds, and hydrocarbons. Pg. 399